Discarding antimicrobial prophylaxis for transurethral resection of bladder tumor: a feasibility study; Yokoyama M, Fujii Y, Yoshida S, Saito K, Koga F, Masuda H, Kobayashi T, Kawakami S, Kihara K; International Journal of Urology 16 (1), 61-3 (Jan 2009)

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of discarding antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). METHODS: One-hundred and sixty-two patients undergoing TURBT, with no risk factors for infectious complications were included in this prospective study between April 2006 and April 2008. Forty-four patients received single oral dose of 200 mg levofloxacin for AMP (LVFX group), and the remaining 118 received no AMP (no AMP group). Rates of postoperative infectious complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of baseline characteristics, including age, sex, history of TURBT, number of tumors, duration of operation and days of catheterization. Symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTIs) occurred in four patients (3.4%) in the no AMP group and one patient (2.3%) in the LVFX group (P = 0.61). All patients having UTIs were men, and were successfully treated by immediate administration of antibiotics. No patients developed extra-urinary tract infections. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, AMP for TURBT in patients with no risk factors for infectious complications is not necessary. The use of antibiotics might be deferred until postoperative infections develop.